As winter blankets our roads, the lurking danger of black ice presents a formidable challenge to drivers. Black ice, a treacherous and often invisible hazard, forms a clear glaze on surfaces due to light freezing rain or the melting and refreezing of snow or ice. According to the U.S. Forest Service, its deceptive appearance, resembling regular black pavement, makes it especially perilous. The National Weather Service warns that black ice is often found on roads deprived of sunlight or those less traveled, including bridges, overpasses, and the areas beneath overpasses.
What to Do When Encountering Black Ice
When confronted with black ice, the U.S. Forest Service advises adopting a strategy of minimal intervention, letting your vehicle glide over the ice. Black ice is frequently patchy, allowing for the possibility that your tires will soon regain traction.
Key Safety Tips for Handling Black Ice:
- Avoid Braking Suddenly: Slamming on the brakes is likely to lead to skidding. Maintain a steady hand on the wheel and keep it straight.
- Steer Gently in Skids: If you sense your car’s rear sliding in any direction, gently turn the steering wheel in the same direction. Opposing the skid by steering the other way may lead to a spin-out.
- Using Brakes Wisely:
- With Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS): Apply steady pressure to the brake, allowing the ABS to do its job.
- Without ABS: Pump the brakes gently during a skid, steering the car in your desired direction.
- Reduce Speed and Downshift: Slowing down and shifting to a lower gear can enhance your control over the vehicle.
- Steer Toward Safe Areas if Drifting: If your vehicle starts drifting off the road, aim for objects that will cause the least damage, such as an empty field or a fluffy snowbank.
Additional Strategies for Safe Winter Driving
Beyond the immediate response to black ice, our friends at Travelers have shared nine suggestions to ensure safer winter driving:
- Scheduled Maintenance: Keep up-to-date with all scheduled maintenance. This includes having your mechanic inspect belts, fluids, hoses, and the exhaust system for any potential issues.
- Tire Condition and Air Pressure: Ensure your tires are in good condition, properly inflated, and have ample tread. In areas prone to heavy snow, consider installing snow or winter tires.
- State Laws on Tire Chains and Studded Tires: Familiarize yourself with state laws regarding the use of chains and studded tires, as they vary and can impact your travel plans.
- Heating and Defrosting Systems: Verify that your vehicle’s heater and window defrosters are functioning properly to maintain visibility.
- Lights and Windshield Wipers: Check that all lights are working and windshield wipers are in good condition. Also, ensure your engine coolant and washer fluid reservoirs are filled with fluids that have the appropriate antifreeze protection for your area’s temperatures.
- Battery Maintenance: Ensure your battery and its connections are in good condition. Cold weather can be harsh on batteries, even newer ones, especially if terminals are not clean and free of corrosion.
- Engine Oil Check: Monitor your oil for the correct level and viscosity. In colder temperatures, heavier oils can thicken, making the engine harder to start.
- Fuel and Communication: Keep your gas tank full, and ensure your phone is charged. Unpredictable weather can lead to long traffic delays or road closures.
- Winter Survival Kit: If you frequently drive in remote areas or are planning a long trip, it’s wise to keep a winter survival kit in your car.
Awareness and Preparedness: Key to Winter Driving
Understanding the nature of black ice and preparing for winter driving conditions are crucial. Regular checks of your vehicle, including brakes, tires, and lights, can enhance your safety. Additionally, staying informed about weather forecasts can help anticipate and avoid dangerous conditions. By adhering to these safety tips and maintaining a vigilant and prepared approach, you can navigate winter roads more securely. Remember, the best strategy is often to stay off the roads during severe winter weather, but if travel is necessary, exercise caution and be prepared for the unexpected.
